How to Successfully Teach Algebra Expressions
What is three-fifths of a number? If this is the first time your middle school students have seen this problem their next question is likely, “What is the number?” And before you begin to explain, another student groans, “Word problems!” No worries. Keep reading. Discover how to teach word problems for algebra expressions successfully.
# 1 Use a Word List for Word Problems for Algebra Expressions
Word lists help students quickly identify operations for interpreting words and phrases associated with algebra expressions. The student’s textbook may provide such a list. If such a list cannot be found, an assortment of lists can be found doing an internet search such as, “Words used for algebraic expressions.” When entering this into the search engine I discovered a list I liked. Though the list came from a link associated with Palm Beach State College, I was impressed as it was simple and easy to understand. It also included six operations, keywords, phrases, examples, and translations. For your convenience, I have posted the link below.
https://www.palmbeachstate.edu/prepmathlw/ocuments/translatingkeywords.pdf
In addition, begin an algebraic word wall in your classroom. Start with what you have, and add to it as new words and phrases are used. Encourage students to add examples and descriptions. Below is a simple example:
Next, students connect these terms from a specific operation to words and the algebraic expression. Also, inform students that when the word, “number” is used, it represents a variable that will be written in the algebraic expression. Below are four examples.
#2 – Color Code Word Problems and Algebra Expressions
Color coding has been one of the most effective methods for explaining new math concepts to my students. My favorite colors for illustrations include blue, green, and pink, as these colors create contrast.
When working with word problems and algebra expressions, I have chosen specific colors to represent specific parts of the expression. I use the following color system.
Literal number = blue
Operation = green
Variables = pink.
In each example below, you will notice that I have written the same phrase in black and three other colors. This is to visually emphasize how color use can significantly increase a student’s ability to find the keywords in the problem.
#3 Provide Examples, Practice, and Projects
Provide Materials:
1. Colored pencils, highlighters, or markers
2. Word List
3. Word problems
Process: Examples, Guided Practice and Independent Practice
1. Inform students that they will use different colors to identify the literal number, operation, and variables. Let students know what colors will be used.
2. Review the organization of the word list and what terms are used for each: Operations, keywords, phrases, examples, and translations. See the Palm Beach list and include other lists as needed.
3. While reading each problem out loud, instruct students what words or phrases to code. Also, state what method to use such as underline, circle, or squiggle.
4. Next, provide instruction for writing the algebraic expression. Inform students that they must write the expression using colors matching the phrase.
5. After providing examples and guided practice, consider student readiness. Some students will be ready for independent practice. Others may benefit from working in pairs or small groups. Others may need individual help.
6. Student Projects
A. Create more word problems with examples, illustrations, and answers included.
B. Create a Word Wall for new words or phrases
Conclusion
Though word problems for algebraic expressions can appear daunting to students, success can be experienced with word lists, color coding, examples, and practice.
If you teach elementary-level math you may also be interested in the following post:
Word Problem Activity: How to Engage Elementary-Level Students, posted on August 15.
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